BAWRHSAIABE VEN NANA IPM

             

I. BAWRHSAIABE TICHHETUTE

A. India ram pum huapa bawrhsaiabe tichhetu langsar zualte:

1. Rannung

     (1) Katnelh, Bawrhsaiabe dawttu (Jassids)

     (2) A rah khertu pangang (Fruit borer)

     (3) A hrik (Aphids)

     (4) Thlawk sep sep var (Whitefly)

     (5) A kuhmum leh a rah khertu pangang (American bollworm)

2. Natna

     (1) A tiak thi (Damping off)

     (2) A hnah eng leh hring inpawlh (Yellow vein Mosaic Virus)

     (3) Vutbuak (powdery mildew)

     (4) A hnah de (Leaf spot)

B. Mizorama bawrhsaiabe tichhetute

1. Rannung

     (1) Sairil hrik (Flea beetles)

     (2) A kuh mum leh a khertu pangang (American Bollworm)

     (3) A rah khertu pangang

     (4) A hrik (Aphids)

     (5) Katnelh(Jassids)

2. Natna

     (1) A hnah hring leh eng inpawlh (Mosaic virus)

     (2) A kung vuai leh thi (wilt)

     (3) A kung tawih (collar rot)

     (4) A rah tawih (pod spot)

3. Thlai rulhut

     (l) A zung tisawrbawktu (root knot nematode)

     (2) A zung tisawrbawktu (Reniform nematode)

4. Hnim:

     Hnim chi hrang hrang tam tak a awm a, hlawm thum lian tak takah hetiang hian then a ni: Hnah sin (Di leh thang lam chi), Phungladin (sedges), hnah bial leh a zam chi.

II. BAWRHSAIABE EICHHETU RANNUNG, NATNA LEH RANNUNG THA THLITHLAI

A. Agro Ecosystem Analysis (AESA)

     Bung 2 naah AESA chu chipchiar zawkin tarlan a ni. AESA hi bawrhsaiabe tichhetu venna ruahman dan kawnga puitu tha tak a ni.

B. Bawrhsaiabe hmun tlawh thuak thuak

     AESA atan hian inzir hmasak a ngai a, chuvangin hetiang lam zir tawh loneitute chuan an tithiam mai ang. Amaherawhchu loneitute chuan anmahni bawrhsaiabe hmun theuhah a khat tawkin eng ang rannungin nge bawrhsaiabe chu tichhia a, eng ang natnain nge tlakbuak tih an thlithlai thin tur a ni. Hetianga an thlithlai avang hian engemaw chen chu rannung thahna hlo pawh an hman tlem phah a ni.

C. Pheromone thang kam:

     Pangang zingah Helicoverpa amigera, Spodoptera litura, Erias sp thlahtu, lungphur thlahtu man nan Pheromone thang lei tur a awm a ni. Heng pangang thlahtu man nan hian hectare khatah pheromone thang 5, bawrhsaiabe hmunah phun tur a ni a, rannung hiptu rimtui bawm (Lure) vuahna chu a kung aia ft khat velin a sang tur a ni. Rimtui bawm(lure) hi ni 15-25 danah a thar vuah zel tur a ni. Pheromone thanga man(tang) lungphur thlahtu chu nitin laka, tihhlum zel tur a ni. Pangang zing ami Helicoverpa armigera hlauhawm chin ETL Chu Pheromone thang pakhatah nitin lungphur thlahtu 8-10 a lo tan (tlak) ziah chuan a hlauhawm chin a thleng tihna a ni.

D. Thleng dar eng leh puan ban hman:

     Rannung te tak te te man nan hectare khatah hmun 10-ah thleng dar eng, a chhunglam tela grease a nuai mawm hun tur a ni. Hetiang bawk hian puan ban hmun 10-ah thlun bawk tur a ni. A tul dan a zirin thleng dar eng leh puan ban hi a thara thlak tur a ni.

E. Thlai rulhut

     Thlai rulhut pakhat (Root knot nematode) hian bawrhsaiabe zung a tisawrbawk a, a chi dang pakhat (Reniform nematode) hian a zung a tibawlhhlawhin a tichhia a. Hei vang hian bawrhsaiabe a thang tha thei lo a ni. Bawrhsaiabe zung chu bawlhlo chi khat “Trypan Blue" a chiah chuan thlai rulhut tui hlawm chu a lo pawl vek a, a zung erawh a rawng a danglam ve lo a ni.

Source
Ziaktu : C. Lalnithanga, APPO
Bu hming : Loneitu Thian (IPM)
Department of Agriculture (Crop Husbandry)
Page 233-242

F. Bawrhsaiabe eichhetu rannung hlauhawm chin ETL

     Heng a hnuaia bawrhsaiabe eichhetu rannung zinga thenkhat te hi a hlauhawm chin ETL bithliah a ni. Rannungin ETL an pel a nih chuan a suat rem dan kawng zawn vat tur a ni.

Sl.No Rannung ETL
1 A tuihnang dawttu katnelh (leaf hopper) Bawrhsaiabe hnah pakhatah 2.5 a awmin
2 Rannung var thlawk sep sep (White fly) Bawrhsaiabe hnah pakhatah 4 a awmin (a hnah hnuai lamah a awm ber)
3 A zik khertu pangang (Shoot borer) A kung tlar, metre khata sei ah a kung pakhat a kher chhiatin
4 Maimawm te (Spider mite) Bawrhsaiabe hnah pakhatah maimawmte 2 a awmin (a hnuai lamah a awm ber)

III. BAWRHSAIABE VEN NANA IPM

A. Loneitu thiamsa

     1. Fai taka bawrhsaiabe hmun thlawh tur a ni a, rannungin an ei duh dang thlai kung tualto pawh paih vek tur a ni.

      2. A hun takah bawrhsaiabe chi tuh tur a ni a, a inhlat zawng pawh dik taka zawm tur a ni. A mamawh tawk chiah fertilizer pek tur a ni a, tichuan a thang tha anga, hnim aiin a thang chak bawk ang.

      3. Bawrhsaiabe leh derhken, purunsen, chinpawlh hian thlai rulhut lakah bawrhsaiabe a him bik a ni. Bawrhsaiabe chin zawhah wheat, vaimim, faisa etc. chin tur a ni.

     4. Natna a nasat loh nan bawrhsaiabe chu tui pek tam lutuk loh tur.

     5. A hnah eng natna do thei deuh bawrhsaiabe chi tha chin tur a ni a, chung te chu Punjab Padmini, Arka Anamica, IC 7194, IC-13999

B. Hmanraw dang hman

     (a) Natnain a tichhiat leh pangangin a kher bawrhsaibe rah chu mal a, hal ral tur a ni.

     (b) A rah khertu pangang chi hnih Erias sp leh Helicoverpa armigera thlahtu man nan hectare khatah Pheromone thang 5 kam tur a ni.

     (c) Rannung te tak te te man nan hectare khatah thleng dar eng, a chhung tel/grease a nuai mawm hmun 5 ah hun dah tur a ni a, puan ban hmun 5 ah thlun bawk tur a ni.

     (d) Bawrhsaiabe to hlim atanga kar 4-6 chhung chu fai taka a hmun thlawh tur a ni.

C. Rannung tha/ thil nung tangkai hman

1. Humhalh:

     (1) Lungphur thlahtu tui tichhe chi ho- Trichograma spp,Bracon hebetor, Bracon greeni, Microbraeon lefroyi etc.

     (2) A hrik (Aphids)tihlumtu - Aphelinus flavibes.

     (3) Heng bawrhsaiabe eichhetu rannung man a, chaw atana ei ho rannung tangkai tak tak (Predators) an awm a, chung te chu- Khuavanglamdar, Maimawm, Daidep, Daidepria, tho tangkai, Syrphids, Carabids, Staphylinids, thlangdar tangkai chi hrang hrang Miridbugs, Pentatomids, Nabid bugs, Reduvid bug, Anthocorid bug, Geocorid bug). Heng rannung tangkai ho hian rannung thahna hlo an huat ve tho avangin a tul tawpkhawkah lo chuan rannung thahna hlo hi kah mai mai loh tur a ni.

2. Khawi puna, bawrhsaiabe hmuna chhuah:

     (1) A rah khertu pangang (Helicoverpa armigera leh Erias sp)tui tichhetu atan hectare khatah Trichogramma chilonis @50000 chhuah tur a ni.

     (2) Rannung te tak te te suattu atan Chrysoperla cornea kar khat danah tum 2 chhuah tur a ni a. Bawrhsaiabe kung khatah a note(grub) 2 zel chhuah tur a ni. (3) Hectare khatah Helicoverpa NPV 250 LE chu ni 15 danah tum 2 kah tur a ni a, tlai ni nemah kah tur a ni.

D. Hrik tangkai (Biopesticides)

     (1) Tuh hmain bawrhsaiabe chi kg khat leh Trichoderma viride 4gm nuaipawlh tur a ni.

E. Neem rah tui sawr

     (1) Neem rah mu densawm tui sawr (NSKE) @ 5ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh chu pangang (Erias sp) in bawrhsaiabe tiak a ei chhia hmuh veleh kah tur a ni.

     (2) Thlai rulhut suat nan neem cake 200kg hi bawrhsaiabe chi tuh rualin lei lehphut-ah thehdarh tur a ni.

F. Rannung thahna hlo leh thlai natna damdawi hman

     (1) Bawrhsaiabe eichhetu rannung chuan a hlauhawm chin ETL an thlen hunah chauh, a tawpkhawkah rannung thahna hlo kah tur a ni.

     (2) Bawrhsaiabe chi la tuh hma, lei lehphut vek tawhah, hnim tur Fluchloralin @ 4ml leh tui 1litre chawhpawlh kah tur a ni a, kah zawh veleh lei nen chawhpawlh tur a ni.

     (3) Pangang (Erias sp) suat nan Dimethoate @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh or Phosalone @2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh kah tur a ni.

     (4) Vutbuak natna damdawi atan sulphur 80WP@ 3gm leh tui 1litre chawhpawlh kah tur a ni.

IV. BAWRHSAIABE THAN DAN ANG ZELA IPM HMAN TURTE:

Sl.No Bawrhsaiabe len lam Rannung/ natna Thlai rulhut, Hnim IPM
1 A chi tuh hma 1) Leia awm rannung

2) Hnim

3) Leia awm thlai rulhut

1) Nipui laiin thuk deuh hlekah lei lehphut tur a ni.

2) Ran ek tawih tha tawh hman tam a tha.

3) Hectare khatah neem cake 200kg hman tur a ni.

4) Bawrhsaiabe chi tuh hmain lei lehphut vek tawhah hnim tur Fluchloralin @4ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh kah tur a ni.

2 A chi tuh leh a tiah hnu 1) Rannung var thlawk sep sep (Whitefly)

2) A hnah eng nata (yellow vein mosaic) 3) Hnim

4) A tiak thi/tawih

5) Katnelh(Jassids)

6) Pangang (Erias sp)

1) A hnah eng natna vei chu pawha, hal ral tur a ni.

2) Rannung te tak te te man nan thleng dar eng, a chhung lam tel/grease a nuai mawm chu hectare khatah hmun 5 ah hun tur a ni a, puan ban pawh hmun 5 ah thlun tur a ni

3) Rannung te tak te te suattu atan Chrysoperlacamea note (grub) chu kung khatah 2 zel chhuah tur a ni.

4) A hun takah a chi tuh tur a ni a, a bi pawh a inhlat dan tur tak zawm ni se, a mamawh tawk chiah Fertilizer pek bawk tur a ni.

5) A to atanga kar 4-6 chhung chu fai taka hnim thlawh tur a ni.

6) Tuh hmain bawrhsaiabe chi 1kg leh Trichoderma viride 4gm nuaipawlh a ni.

7) Pangangin a kherchhiat bawrhsaiabe zik chu sih chhuma paih tur a ni.

8) Lungphur thlahtu man nan hectare khatah phoremone thang 5 kam tur a ni. Tuktin lungphur thlahtu tang chu mana, tihhlum tura ni.

9) Trichogramma chilonis chu hectare Khatah 5000 (Trichocard 3) chhuah tur a ni a, hetiang zat hi kar khat danah tum 6 chhuah tur a ni.

10) Pangang suat nan hectare khatah Bacillus thuringiensis 500 gm @ 1 gm leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh kah tur a ni.

11) Neem rah mu densawm tui (NSKE) @5m1 leh tui 1litre chawhpawlh kah tur a ni.

12) Dimethoate @ 2ml leh tui 1litre chawhpawlh or Phosalone @ 2ml leh tui 1litre chawhpawlh kah tur a ni.

3 A par atanga a rah thleng 1) Rannung var thlawk sep sep (white fly)

2) Pangang (Erias)

3) A rah khertu pangang

1) Rannung var thlawk sep sep sep (Whitefly) pangang (Erias) chu a tiah hun laia suat dan ang tho khan a par hunah pawh tih tur a ni.

2) Lungphur thlahtu man nan hectare khatah Pheromone thang 5 kam tur a ni a,ni 15 dan ah rimtui bawm (Lure) chu a tharin thlak zel tur a ni.

3) Pangang suat nan (Lungphur thlahtu tui tichhetu atan) hectare khatah Trichogramma chilonis 50,000 chhuah tur a ni a, kar khat danah tum 6 chhuah tur a ni.

4) A theih anga tam pangang vai/mana, hmeh hlum tur a ni.

5) Hectare khatah Helicoverpa NPV 250 LE kah tur a ni a, ni 15 danah dai ni nemah kah tur a ni.

6) Neem rah mu densawm tui (NSKE)@5ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh Kah tur a ni.

7) Pangang suat nan Bacillus thuringiensis var kurstaki 500gm @ 1gm leh tui 1litre chawhpawlh kah tur a ni.

IV. Bawrhsaiabe ven nana IPM hman chungchanga tihtur leh tihloh turte

Sl.No Tih turte Sl.No Tihloh turte
1 Khaw that lai, ni sat ni takin thal laiin lei leh phut tur a ni a. lei lehphut sa chu kar 2-3 nisaah pho tur a ni. 1 Lei lehphut sa chu kar2-3 chhung chu hrut bel loh tur a ni a, tui pek loh bawk tur a ni, tichuan hnim zung leh a bulbal te a thi vek dawn a ni.
2 Bawrhsaiabe chin zawhah vaimim, faisa etc chin tur a ni. 2 Hmun ngaiah bawrhsaiabe ringawt chin nawn tlut tlut tur a ni lo.
3 Bawrhsaiabe chi tha leh thar hlawk chauh chin tur a ni. 3 I huan ram ngeih loh bawrhsaiabe chi chu chin loh tur a ni.
4 Bawrhsaiabe chi tuh hma a tha. 4 A chi tuh tlai hi a thar hlawk loh bakah vualin a eichhia a, natna a vei duh bawk.
5 Hman tura an tih chauh, a chi nena nuaipawlh tur damdawi leh thil nung tangkai (biopesticides) hman tur a ni. 5 Bawrhsaiabe chi leh damdawi or thil nung tangkai nena nuaipawlh hmasa zet lo chuan a chi tuh loh tur.
6 A than that theih nan lei hnawn hunah a tlarin a chi tuh la, tuh thuk lutuk loh tur a ni. 6 A chi chu 5-7 cm aia thukah tuh loh tur a ni.
7 Hnim tur chu a chi tuh hnu lawk, a la tiah hma leh hnim chi la tawih hmain kah tur a ni. 7 Bawrhsaiabe tiah hnu leh hnim tiah hnuah chuan hnim tur kah loh tur a ni, bawrh- saiabe-in a chhiat phah ang.
8 Hnim tur chi khat Fluchloralin chu lei lehphut vek tawh, bawrhsaiabe chi tuh hma siin kah tur a ni a. kah zawh veleh lei nen haipawlh tur a ni. 8 Fluchloralin kah zawh veleh lei nena haipawlh nghal tur a ni a, nghah khawtlai loh tur a ni.
9 A kahna hmun-ah flat fan or flat jet emaw vuah in hnim tur chu tui nena pawlh tur zat dik tak pawlhin a hun takah kah tur a ni. 9 Hnim tur reng reng lei ro-ah kah loh tur a ni. Tui kawnga tui luang lai nen hnim tur chawhpawlh loh tur a ni a, lei leh Urea nen pawh chawh- pawlh miah loh tur a ni
10 Bawrhsaiabe enkawl ngun la, a hrisel anga, hnim pawhin a dip chhe thei lo ang. 10 A mamawh hun laiin tui nghei tir loh tur a ni. (A hun takah tui pek tur a ni)
11 Lei endik hnua a len dan angin a mamawh tawk fertilizer pek tur a ni. 11 A mamawh tawk aia tlem leh tam fertilizer pek loh tur a ni.
12 Thlai chaw tenau chawhpawlh chu a hranpain a tiah hnuah pek loh tur a ni. 12 Fertilizer leh thlai chaw tenau chu chawhpawlhin loh tur a ni.
13 Kartin AESA tih tur a ni a, zing dar 9:00AM hmaa tih hi duhthusam a ni. A tichhetu laka bawrhsaiabe ven hi AESA, ETL leh P:D inthlauh danah a innghat a ni. 13 Rannung thahna hlo leh natna damdawi hi thlatin kah ringawt tur a ni lo.
14 Lungphur thlahtu awm hunah ngei Pheromone thang kam tur a ni. 14 Pheromone thanga vuah thin rimtui bawm(Lure)hi hman loh chuan Refregerator ah dah ngei ngei tur a ni.
15 Bawrhsaiabe hmun tlawh laia lungphur thlahtu tam dan azir or Pheromone thanga lungphurthlahtu tla tam dan azirin a tui tichhe thei rannungtha (Parasites) hi chhuah tur a ni. 15 Rannung tha chhuah atanga ni 7 chhung chu rannung- thahna hlo kah loh tur a ni.
16 Pangang leh lungphur thlahtu i hmuh hnuah Helicoverpa NPV leh Spodoptera NPV chu a hman tur zat dik tak kah tur a ni, tlai ninemah kah a tha. 16 Rannung thahna hlo kahna bur (Sprayer) chu NPV kah nan hman loh tur a ni.
17 Rannung thahna hlo leh natna damdawi i kah reng rengin a hnah hnuai lam nen a kah kim vek tur a ni, a bikin maimawmte a tam naah phei chuan hei hi a tul zual a ni. 17 Chhun nisat vanglai chuan rannung thahna hlo leh natna damdawi kah loh tur, hetih hun lai hian rannung pawh an vak chhuak vak lo a ni.

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